Which symptom refers to difficulty sleeping or excessive sleeping?

Which symptom refers to difficulty sleeping or excessive sleeping?

• A. Fatigue
• B. Depressed mood
• C. Anhedonia
• D. Insomnia or hypersomnia

Answer: (D)

Sleep disturbance is being assessed here. Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much fits when describing insomnia or hypersomnia. Insomnia means trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early; hypersomnia means excessive sleep or sleeping longer than usual. Together, they cover both ends of the sleep spectrum, which is exactly what the question is asking about. The other options point to energy level or mood or interest, not to the specific pattern of sleep. Fatigue is a general sense of tiredness, depressed mood is a mood state, and anhedonia is a lack of pleasure—none of these specify sleep duration or quality like insomnia or hypersomnia do. Sleep problems are common across psychiatric conditions and are clinically important for assessment and treatment.

Sleep disturbance is being assessed here. Difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much fits when describing insomnia or hypersomnia. Insomnia means trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early; hypersomnia means excessive sleep or sleeping longer than usual. Together, they cover both ends of the sleep spectrum, which is exactly what the question is asking about. The other options point to energy level or mood or interest, not to the specific pattern of sleep. Fatigue is a general sense of tiredness, depressed mood is a mood state, and anhedonia is a lack of pleasure—none of these specify sleep duration or quality like insomnia or hypersomnia do. Sleep problems are common across psychiatric conditions and are clinically important for assessment and treatment.